Pakistan on heat alert as NDMA triggers nationwide emergency response

ISLAMABAD: Pakistan is entering a critical heat phase—and this time, authorities are not waiting for the crisis to escalate.

In a nationwide response, the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) has activated emergency protocols, warning that above-normal temperatures from May through June could put millions at risk. Hospitals have been placed on alert, disaster authorities mobilized, and public safety measures rolled out across the country.

This is not just a seasonal heatwave—it is being treated as a multi-sector public health emergency.

Country on alert as temperatures surge

The NDMA’s Early Warning Team had already anticipated prolonged high temperatures, prompting directives to provincial governments, health departments, rescue services, and even the armed forces to prepare coordinated response measures.

The urgency is underscored by developments in Karachi, where temperatures crossed 44°C, marking the city’s hottest day since 2018, according to the Pakistan Meteorological Department.

10 deaths have been reported across the city, as confirmed by Chhipa Foundation spokesperson Shahid Chaudhry. Several victims were found in critical condition and later died during treatment, while others were discovered in homes, mosques, and public spaces—raising concerns about heat-related complications.

From warning to action: what NDMA is enforcing

Authorities have been directed to move beyond advisories and implement on-ground emergency systems.

Hospitals are being instructed to expand capacity for heat-related cases, while districts must establish dedicated heatstroke treatment centres equipped with medical staff, essential supplies, and hydration facilities.

Public awareness campaigns are also being launched nationwide, focusing on early symptom recognition and prevention—an area experts say is often overlooked until it is too late.

Educational institutions have been specifically advised to protect children, including adjusting school timings or temporarily closing institutions during peak heat periods.

Hidden climate threat: understanding GLOF risk

Beyond urban heat, authorities are also warning of a less visible but potentially devastating risk in northern regions—Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs).

A GLOF occurs when a glacial lake—formed by melting ice—suddenly bursts due to pressure buildup, weak natural dams, or rapid temperature rise. This releases massive volumes of water downstream, causing flash floods that can destroy infrastructure and endanger communities within minutes.

With rising temperatures accelerating glacier melt in regions like Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Gilgit-Baltistan, NDMA has directed local disaster management authorities to closely monitor vulnerable glacial sites.

This highlights how the current heatwave is not just a health crisis—but a compound climate threat.

Why this heatwave is different

Experts warn that this heat spell is being intensified by a combination of factors:
• Persistent high-pressure systems reducing sea breeze flow
• Dry atmospheric conditions increasing dehydration risk
• Prolonged exposure during peak daytime hours

At the same time, broader climate patterns—including the possible development of El Niño conditions in 2026—are being monitored. While not the direct cause of current temperatures, El Niño is historically linked to hotter weather, weaker monsoons, and more frequent heatwaves in South Asia.

This raises concern that the current situation may worsen in the coming weeks.

Protecting the most vulnerable

Authorities have emphasized targeted support for high-risk populations, including outdoor workers, children, the elderly, and the homeless.

Emergency supplies—such as oral rehydration salts, electrolyte drinks, cooling aids, and water stations—are being stockpiled for rapid deployment.

At the same time, rescue agencies and local administrations are on alert for secondary risks, including forest fires, urban fires, and heat-triggered emergencies.

What citizens must do now

Health experts stress that prevention remains the most effective defense against heat-related illness.

Citizens are strongly advised to:
• Stay hydrated and carry water throughout the day
• Avoid direct sunlight, especially between 10am and 5pm
• Wear light, loose-fitting, light-coloured clothing
• Use protective measures such as hats and sunscreen
• Seek immediate medical attention if experiencing dizziness, nausea, or weakness

A defining moment for preparedness

Pakistan’s response to this heatwave signals a shift—from reactive crisis management to proactive risk prevention.

But experts warn: systems alone are not enough. Public awareness, early action, and individual responsibility will determine how severe the impact becomes.

Because in extreme heat, the line between discomfort and disaster can be dangerously thin.

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