Karachi records 44°C as extreme heat leads to 10 suspected deaths

KARACHI: What began as a seasonal rise in temperature has now escalated into a serious public health warning, as Karachi recorded its hottest day in years and reports of heat-linked deaths emerged across the city.

On Monday, temperatures surged past 44°C, marking the highest recorded level since 2018, according to the Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD). The Old Airport weather station recorded 44.1°C, placing the city under intense thermal stress conditions.

At least 10 deaths have been reported from different areas of Karachi, as confirmed by rescue sources. While the exact causes of all fatalities are still being determined, several cases involved individuals found in critical condition who later died during treatment, raising strong concerns about heat-related complications.

Health experts warn that extreme heat does not always present as immediate heatstroke. Instead, it often begins with milder but dangerous symptoms that can escalate rapidly if ignored.

Many affected individuals—particularly labourers, motorcyclists, and outdoor workers—are exposed to prolonged sunlight and dehydration, increasing vulnerability.

Common early warning signs include fatigue, dizziness, headache, and muscle weakness. If untreated, these can progress into heat exhaustion and eventually life-threatening heatstroke.

Related story: Stay safe during a heatwave: Simple tips to beat the heat, protect yourself

Forecasts had already signaled rising temperatures

The current heatwave did not come without warning. The PMD had issued a heatwave alert days earlier, predicting temperatures exceeding 41°C and hot, dry conditions across Sindh.

Meteorologists attribute the current conditions to a persistent high-pressure system over the region, which has suppressed sea breezes and intensified heat across both coastal and inland areas. This has resulted in prolonged exposure to extreme temperatures, particularly during peak daytime hours.

Where El Niño fits into the bigger picture

While the current heatwave is primarily driven by regional weather patterns, experts say a larger climate factor is beginning to emerge.

The potential development of El Niño in 2026 is being closely monitored. At present, it is not the direct cause of Karachi’s current heatwave. However, it may already be contributing to slightly elevated temperatures.

More importantly, its expected progression in the coming months could significantly amplify heat risks.

Historically, El Niño conditions in South Asia are associated with:
• Higher-than-average temperatures
• Reduced rainfall and weaker monsoon activity
• Increased frequency and intensity of heatwaves

This raises concern that the current heat episode may be an early indicator of a more challenging summer ahead.

Why this heat demands urgent attention

Even in the absence of widespread hospital admissions, the risk level remains critically high. Experts emphasize that heat-related illnesses often go unnoticed until they become severe.

Factors intensifying the current situation include prolonged sun exposure, extremely dry conditions, and inadequate hydration—especially among vulnerable populations.

What citizens must do now

Medical professionals are urging immediate preventive action to reduce risk:
• Stay hydrated with water and electrolytes throughout the day
• Avoid outdoor exposure between 11 a.m. and 4 p.m.
• Wear light, loose clothing and cover the head when outside
• Take frequent breaks if working in open environments
• Monitor children, elderly individuals, and those with chronic illnesses closely

Sindh Chief Minister Murad Ali Shah has also urged citizens to limit unnecessary outdoor activity and follow safety precautions, while directing authorities to investigate reported deaths and ensure proper medical response.

A critical moment for prevention

Karachi is currently at a tipping point—where temperatures are peaking, deaths are emerging, and broader climate patterns are shifting.

The absence of mass heatstroke admissions should not be seen as reassurance. Instead, experts stress that this is the most crucial window to act before conditions worsen.

Because in extreme heat, the real danger is not always visible—until it is too late.

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